The show freely borrowed names and themes from various mythologies around the world, primarily Greek mythology, adapting them to suit the demands of the storyline. Real historical figures and events made numerous appearances, and the main characters are often credited with resolving important historical situations. These ranged from an encounter with Homer (before he was famous), in which Gabrielle inspired him to write with the passion that he is famous for; the fall of Troy, and the death of the Greek Gods at Xena's hands; to the capture of Julius Caesar by pirates, with Xena cast as the pirate leader. This quirky mix of timelines and the amalgamation of historical and mythological elements fueled the rise of the show to cult status during the 1990s, and the name Xena became synonymous with a strong and independent female heroine.

he show was a mixture of styles, ranging from high melodrama in one episode to slapstick comedy in another. Although ostensibly set in ancient times, the themes of the show were essentially modern: taking responsibility for past misdeeds, the value of human life, personal liberty and sacrifice, and friendship. This universal, flexible fantasy framework accommodated a considerable scope of content and style, even including an original musical episode, The Bitter Suite. Despite being deeply concerned with ethical dilemmas, such as the morality of pacifism, the storylines rarely sought to provide unequivocal solutions. The resulting conflicting answers and ambiguity gave Xena a complexity that went largely unremarked by the casual viewers, but generated much lively debate among fans. It was also hinted that Xena and Gabrielle were lovers. This was left deliberately ambiguous, leading to much heated debate over what became known as the subtext. Some critics found it to be a marketing tactic—or, conversely, outright cowardice—avoided by most shows thereafter until the character Willow explored her sexuality in Buffy. The fandom became increasingly divided over the issue, particularly with the development of a romantic storyline between Xena and Ares, the God of War, which was also left ambiguous.

The show also featured a wide assortment of recurring characters, including adversaries Ares (Kevin Smith) and Callisto (Hudson Leick); and trusted friends like Autolycus (Bruce Campbell) and Joxer (Ted Raimi).

Lucy Lawless - Xena

Renée O'Connor - Gabrielle

Ted Raimi - Joxer

Adrienne Wilkinson - Livia/Eve

Hudson Leick - Callisto

Kevin Smith - Ares

Karl Urban - Caesar

Alexandra Tydings - Aphrodite

Marton Csokas - Borias

Danielle Cormack - Ephiny

Claire Stansfield - Alti

Bruce Campbell - Autolycus